Hamlet by William Shakespeare - 721 Words

Prince Hamlet is disheartened and having been beckoned home to Denmark from school in Germany to be present at his fathers funeral, he is stunned to find his mom Gertrude already re-wed. The Queen has wed Hamlets Uncle Claudius, the deceased kings brother. To Hamlet, the matrimony is vulgar interbreeding. What makes things worse is Claudius crowned himself King even though Hamlet was his fathers successor to the throne. Hamlet questions his father’s death and thinks that he was murdered. When his dads spirit pays a visit to the castle Hamlets uncertainties are corroborated. The spirit whines that he is incapable to rest in peace because he was killed. Claudius says the spirit drizzled toxic substance in King Hamlets ear while the king slept. Incapable to admit and find redemption King Hamlet is now condemned to spend his days in limbo and walk the earth by night. He entreats Hamlet to take vengeance because of his death, but to pardon Gertrude and let heaven choose her destiny . Hamlet vows to imitate madness puts on escapade and wears a mask that will allow him to witness the exchanges in the castle but finds himself more mixed up than before. In his constant confusion he questions the spirits honesty. What if the Ghost is not a real spirit but more accurately a representative of the devil sent to tempt him? What if murdering Claudius results in Hamlets having to recall his recollections for all time? Hamlet struggles over what he recognizes as his spinelessnessShow MoreRelatedHamlet, By William Shakespeare880 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is praised as the pioneering English poet and playwright whose collection of theatrical works is regarded as the greatest artistic value throughout the history of English literature. Shakespeare delved into the spiritual and mental component of humanity and the consequences that arise from this human spirit when it is disputed. The most famous revenge tragedy play, Hamlet, is an excellent illustration of Shake speare’s philosophical study of human nature. In Hamlet, the arguableRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, author of Hamlet, was a well-known author in the 1500s and is still popular today. He was born on April 24, 1564 in London, England. Although there were no birth records at that time, it shows he was baptized one year prior to that, which leads us to believe his birthday was in 1564 because children were normally baptized a year after their birth. Shakespeare’s writing style was very different than others at that time. He used many metaphors and rhetorical phrases, and most ofRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. This soliloquy holds much importance to the play as a whole because it ties together the reoccurring themes of suicide and Hamlet’s inaction portrayed by Shakespeare. Hamlet poses a problem, which is the driving force of the play: â€Å"To be or not to be?†(III.i.57). Shakespeare uses this logical question asked by Hamlet to drive out his underlyingRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pages In William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, the protagonist suffers from struggles with major characters, especially with the women in his life. While reading the play Hamlet, Hamlet appears to be a disillusioned man. Throughout the play, Shakespeare has only casted two females: Gertrude and Ophelia. Gertrude is defined to be incestuous, naà ¯ve and cold-hearted. On the other side, Ophelia is characterized to be ignorant, innocent and fearful. After the quick marriage of his mother and evil uncle, Hamlet’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1308 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet is arguably one of the greatest tragedies in all of literature and when most people think of tragic plays, they think of none other than the one who wrote it, William Shakespeare. This classic story of revenge excites it’s readers with its main character, Prince Hamlet, who goes through the unique human-like process of revenge that is often overlooked. Many other stories rely heavily on the logi c of good people doing good things and bad people doing bad things just for the sake of their natureRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet by William Shakespeare explores many aspects of mankind--death, betrayal, love, and mourning. Out of these, the most prominent theme in this play is death in the form of suicide. The main character, Hamlet, finds himself questioning the quality of life and the uncertainty of the afterlife once he discovers news of his father s death and the corruption in the kingdom that follows. Ophelia, Hamlet’s lover, is found dead later in the plot and is presumed to have committed suicide. In Hamlet’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1146 Words   |  5 PagesA character so complex, enticing and fascinating, his name is Hamlet. We are all Hamlet, and that, is the argument. Hamlet is an enigmatic character with many flaws. These flaws are the ones that prove similarities between us and him. A play so popular and significant is due to its huge relevance to us as a society. In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare uses Hamlet’s character and metaphor to demonstrate that when one is left alone to their thoughts, these thoughts overtake reason. ConsequentlyRead MoreHamlet by William Shakespeare1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, takes place in a time where the impossible was a part of the lives of everyday people. Occurrences that people in the modern time would believe unbelievable. Yet, with just a quill and parchment Shakespeare’s is able to connect the past and present by weaving a plot with skill that is still unparalleled to this day. The play Hamlet this exceeds this expectation by revealing depth of Hamlets, the protagonists, character personality through the useRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1920 Words   |  8 PagesIn the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the character Hamlet must deal with both external and internal conflict. Hamlet encounters many struggles and has trouble finding a way to deal with them. With so many corrupt people in his life, Hamlet feels as if there is no one that he can trust and begins to isolate himself from others. A result from this isolation leads Hamlet to become melancholy. Hamlet struggles with suicidal thoughts, wants to kill King Claudius, and is distraught over his mother’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare846 Words   |  4 Pagesalways been a contemplative topic. In Hamlet, the main character Hamlet thinks to himself about suicide. Hamlet was written by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet between 1599 and 1602. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest playwrights in history. Hamlet is about Prince Hamlet of Denmark who is trying to find out about the death of his father after his father s ‘ghost’ comes to him telling him it was his uncle who had killed him. While Hamlet contemplates suicide he gives his famous

My Writing Writing Skills - 938 Words

The first time I picked up a pen and wrote something in English was when I was in the seventh grade, there I was sitting in my Language Arts class when the teacher made us form groups then told us to write something about the other person. The words I wanted to use, I didn’t know how to translate into English. I only had broken fragments that did not entirely make sense. I became frustrated and agitated that I couldn’t do it, so the next day I decided to start keeping a journal. This was really helpful, because by the time I became a sophomore, my writing had improved significantly. There were some grammatical errors, but at least people would understand what I was writing. To improve my writing was what I wanted to do, so I began a journey to become better. In order to improve my writing skills, I kept a journal, I wrote each and every thing I did. This journey of mine was going to have some ups and downs, but I knew that to really achieve my goal, I had to do everythi ng possible to make it come true. I knew I’d have to stay committed to take on this challenge. My last year of high school came with some grave challenges. My English teacher focused more on writing. We wrote papers from short articles to writing a research paper as our last assignment. That itself, was a really big struggle. In the end, I made it through and ended up with a decent grade. College, came around the corner sooner than I’d hope. My advisor told me the classes I’d need to take in order to meetShow MoreRelatedMy Writing And Writing Skills985 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the years, my reading and writing skills were never my best aspect growing up as a kid. I always felt that I would never need to learn how to write and read because I wanted to become a superhero when I grew up, and I thought superheroes don’t need to learn that type of stuff because they just save people from the bad guys. As I grew older I knew my dream of flying around and fighting crime wasn’t an option, so I started read and write, which mostly started in kindergarten. I knew itRead MoreReflection On My Writing Skills987 Words   |  4 PagesReflection My writing skills which I have worked on over the few months I have been in English 102 have changed quite a bit in my opinion. There are many things which I have improved upon that were amongst my weaker writing skills when the year began. On the opposite side of that point, there are also many things which I still need to improve upon if I want to truly elevate my writing to a level that I will be confident in. Finally, I have gained new skills outside of writing from this class, particularlyRead MoreMy Reading And Writing Skills1484 Words   |  6 PagesI was terrified walking into my third attempt at Engl 1010 this semester. I attempted and failed this class twice already so I was worried about what was to come, more failing grades, more difficult papers to write, and more confusion. I wrote about this concern in my Literacy Narrative assignment. I realized for the first time my easy high school years had hurt me academically, and that as a college freshman, my reading and writ ing skills were at an eighth grade level. I tried, but was unableRead MoreMy Legacy in Writing Skills646 Words   |  3 Pagesme beyond my years of wisdom. I have used this quote at least once in my writing every year, because it inspired me to leave my legacy through writing. I write of what I want to know, of what I want to change, of what I believe, and one day a collection of my writing will be all that’s left of me, and it will allow me to still matter, even when I’m gone. Although my writing may not be equivalent to Tom Stoppard’s, I am slowly progressing towards obtaining strong writing skills. Writing in EnglishRead MoreMy Writing Style And Skills900 Words   |  4 Pagesme about how I formulate ideas and outlines to my papers and visual works. My writing style and skills have gone through many changes throughout English 150 but by far there have been three areas where I have seen the most improvement. How I compose and formulate my works, using certai n resources and how I integrated them into my paper, how I edit those works, and how well I use the advice and guidance from my peers to help me revise or complete my works. Composing and formulating to me should beRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Writing Skills943 Words   |  4 Pagesand my writing skills have truly improved tremendously. Taking this class has helped me become a better writer and has helped my grammar grow extremely. Another thing that I have gained in this class is stronger sense of vocabulary words. While writing these papers I have learned the variety of different papers there are. I have learned how to write these papers for future purposes so I will be successful in the long run. My goals as an improving writer are to become more creative and use my skillsRead MoreCritical Skills And My Writing Assignments901 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout all my writing assignments, I have developed many critical skills that allows me to simplify my work, and narrow-down my topic to simpler forms. Interestingly, at the beginning of this quarter I was afraid of in-class writing essays because I am a super slow in writing and thinking. However, after writing several drafts for every assignment, my understanding of the critical skills gradually increased to the point where I wrote well organised essays within the time limit. I think I am readyRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : My Writing Skills894 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Maureen and others who may concern this: I would say I am always a horrible letter writer. I am tearing my hair to squeeze every single word from my poor mind to finish this letter. Yet deep in my frontal cortex, there is no part of mechanisms that is designed for writing a self-analyzing letter to my instructors. However, it has been ten weeks I studied in this course, and all my favorite works in these ten weeks are gathering in this tiny portfolio. I have wrote a several rhetorical practicesRead MoreI Am Satisfied With My Writing Skills1665 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the 2015-2016 school year, I have discovered and improved heavily upon my writing skills in addition to analyzing all of the reading assignments that we were given this year. I firmly believe that these journals have significantly improved all of my abilities within the realm of English. I strongly feel well prepared for the AP test, but most importantly for all of my future english classes, and classes in general. The journal experience I had may have been time consuming, but overallRead MoreMy Wri ting Skills Has Effectively Improved1078 Words   |  5 PagesI first came to the Wilkes University, one of my edifier (?) (Friend, teacher, mother) told me Don’t judge your class in the beginning, judge your class at the end of course†. In the beginning of my classes I was very nervous about how to write an essay. However, I believe my writing skills has effectively improved. To be honest, English 101 wasn’t an easy class for me in the beginning. College writing is entirely different from high school writing. I always have trouble with grammar when I write

Use Of Strategic Approach to Human Resource Development

Question: Identify and explain how the company can adopt a more strategic approach to Human Resource Development, using the HRD Cycle, ensuring you demonstrate how the HRD Cycle could be applied to the company in this scenario. Analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the company using an off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution such as the Investors in People standard, and identify problems that might arise during implementation. Identify, explain and analyse the design options available for managing the companys Human Resource Development function. The structure of the report should be as follows; summary, introduction, body (research, analysis of findings), conclusion, recommendations, references and appendices. Answer: Introduction This report critically evaluates theories of developing human resources within the organization. Concerning, it discusses the applications of more strategic approach through the HRD cycle within the company in the given scenario. At the same time, this report also analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the company by applying an off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution and identifies the challenges during its implementation. In addition, it also evaluates the design options that can be helpful to manage the organizations HRD function. Use of strategic approach (the HRD Cycle) From the scenario of Kidsgrove Electronics Ltd, it is determined that company is losing its competitiveness in terms of employees performance and high standards of collective performance. Due to increasing business expansion, there is a need for the firm to upgrade skills and knowledge of its employees to maintain the latest developments in design and manufacturing processes with high-quality production. In order to maintain the competitive position, the company can use a more strategic approach by using Human Resource Development (HRD) cycle to enhance the skills and competencies of the employees to provide the quality products as per the market trends (Swart, et al, 2012). The below figure shows the HRD Cycle that can be useful to apply more strategic approach for developing employees' competitiveness: Figure 1: HRD Cycle The HRD cycle includes four phases in developing HRD interventions that lead to learning and development, career growth opportunities and organizational effectiveness. These phases are described as below: Identifying learning/HRD needs: It is essential for the company to identify the learning needs at different levels including strategic, operational and personal level to compete in the market. In order to determine the HRD needs, company requires for conducting the survey over the employees to recognize the common points related to skill gaps and design the HRD programmes accordingly. The main motive behind the recognition of training needs is to develop career opportunities for the employees and contribute to organizational development. Regarding this, behavioural learning theory also suggests that there is a need to conduct HRD programmes for the development of a required behaviour by the employees at the workplace (O'Grady, 2013). Therefore, it is required for the company to provide positive stimuli in the form of training to shape the behaviour of the employees. There may be different learning needs of the employees due to differences in their skill levels and potential. Due to this, it is crucial for the compa ny to determine these learning needs. In this need assessment, the company needs to analyze HRD needs at four levels such as organizational needs, individual skills, knowledge and attitudes and functional responsibilities and needs of the department. Generally, firms focus on individual skills of the employees that do not provide a better view of the need assessment. The conventional methods to identify the learning needs are surveys through interviews and questionnaires, observations, and focus groups to gather information related to skills gaps in employees. Apart from this, root-cause analysis can be used by the company to identify the HRD needs by recognizing the root cause of the problem identified within the organization or department (Truss, Mankin and Kelliher, 2012). In addition, some other complex methods such as informal feedback, performance appraisals, etc. can also be conducted to get the information related to employees performance and skill levels and determine HRD needs. Designing HRD programmes: In this, the company can focus on a two-level HRD process including training interventions and work-based activities. In designing of HRD programmes, it is essential for the company to focus on personal aspects of the employees due to their impact on their learning needs and requirements. Similarly, the humanistic theory of learning also holds that personal considerations and emotions play a significant role in learning and have a considerable impact on the adoption of new changes in knowledge state of learners (Wilton, 2010). In this stage of HRD cycle, the company needs to consider learning strategies, learning outcomes, which have to be achieved and the learners. The below figure shows the process of designing of HRD programmes: Figure 2: Designing of HRD programmes After analyzing the HRD needs, the company requires for determining clear objectives related to improvement in personal and collective performance as a company with high-quality production. For designing of HRD programmes, an internal expertise or outsourced external training provider is deployed by HR professional. In planning and design in HRD, training provider develops lesson plans and selects the suitable training delivery methods. The lesson plan helps to determine the actual delivery of the training content including purchasing of training content or designing of training content by the organization (Saks, Haccoun and Belcourt, 2010). It is also essential for the company to frequently update and review the training materials. Finally, a proper schedule needs to be settled with the consideration of the availability of both trainer and participants. In addition, the budgeting is also a significant element of designing of HRD programmes. Delivering HRD programmes: This is the third stage of HRD cycle that emphasizes the provision of HRD programme, the level of employees, training providers and methods of HRD programme delivery. In the provision of HRD programme, there is a need to emphasize on training in new technologies to meet the global quality standards and keep advancement in technologies. This training programme is provided to the employees of Kidsgrove Electronics Ltd on the request by the top management. After need assessment, it is determined that there is a need to conduct HRD programme for the personal and professional development of the employees to achieve higher productivity (Pritchard, 2013). At the same time, it is also crucial to ensure the execution of HRD programme for all level of employees with equal levels of training. A theory of equity deals with equity of rights and train and pay irrespective of any attribution or the personality factors. According to this concept, the management would be able to train the people towa rds the organization if it employs a fair system of HRD in the organization. Figure 3: Delivery of HRD programme Apart from this, it is required for the company to deliver HRD programme to its employees through internal and external training providers or consultants. In last, different delivery methods of HRD programmes such as audio conferencing, virtual reality, etc. can be used to provide training material to the employees. Apart from this, other methods of HRD programme delivery such as problem-based learning, fieldwork analysis, job rotation, mentorship, etc. can also be preferred as on-the-job training methods without disturbing the work schedule and organizational performance at different locations in order to enhance employees knowledge and skills (Karve, 2013). At the same time, off-the-job training method such as classroom is used outside the workplace through lectures and instructions that are not suitable for companys various international locations. In such condition, on-the-job training programmes can be effective to develop the intellectual skills. Evaluating HRD programmes: It is the final stage of HRD cycle that helps to measure the reactions of the employees on HRD programmes, the level of learning acquisition, employees' behaviour and knowledge transfer and financial outcomes related to HRD programmes. Reactions can be related to trainer, method of training delivery and interest of training contents (Hill and Jones, 2012). At the same time, the returns on investment on HRD programmes can be measured in terms of their financial returns and benefits. Figure 4: Evaluation of HRD programme For this, comparative analysis can be conducted to compare the performance of the employees prior and post of the execution of HRD programme. At the same time, other methods such as interviews with learners, feedback, tests, performance appraisals, observations and self-assessment can be useful to evaluate the effectiveness of HRD programmes. Strengths and weaknesses of an off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution An off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution such as the investors in people standard (IIP) is a business improvement tool that is helpful to improve the organizational [performance through its people. There are three models of IIP namely leadership, recruitment and selection and work life balance that can be used to develop organizational people by setting performance benchmark against a recognized standard. One of the strengths of using IIP is to develop strategic understanding about people development that helps to determine proper strategies and policies according to development needs of people (Ranken, 2010). At the same time, IIP is also effective to think about the development of employees in the organization. Figure 5: Impact of IIP on organizational performance (Source: Bourne, et al, 2008) Apart from this, it also helps to clarify the link between HRD and organizational performance over a flexible time frame. Additionally, it is also effective to get directions for improving staff management, motivation, satisfaction and access to training. It is inclusive in nature that helps to involve all people in any capacity including consultants, volunteers, part-time, full-time, temporary and permanent. It provides the ability to review the progress at a regular level to make continuous improvements in HRD. In support of this, Human Capital Theory (HCT) also concludes that the investment in human capital is effective for the organizations to achieve greater outputs (Hill and Jones, 2012). But, off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution such as IIP has some weaknesses such as high-cost, time-consuming and high energy required. During execution of IIP, there might be some problems such as time consumption because it takes time to explain organizational aims and enhance the people participation and contribution in organizational performance and execute the plans and achieve the outcomes (Nickson, 2013). The requirement of high energy might also be a significant problem for the company to execute IIP because there is geographically and culturally diverse workforce as the company will require for changing the organizational culture. It might be difficult for the company to invest in its human capital due to diversified workforce at geographical level and cultural level. It is because all the employees located at different locations have differences in their cultural background that has a significant influence on their views and attitudes. Due to differences in views and attitudes in the diversified workforce, it may be challenging for the HR managers to execute the HR policies and strategies to enhance their performance level (Mulvie, 2015). On the other hand, the company might face problems related to high cost arise during implementation of IIP because it requires high costs of assessment, training and support to the employees for developing understanding about the ways to achieve the standard. Design options for the management of HRD function There are several design options such as centralized training, decentralized training, customer model, matrix model that are available for the company to manage the HRD function. Regarding, centralized training design is effective to locate the resources and professionals primarily in one location and make decisions related to HRD programmes from that location. However, the company focuses on decentralized training design due to being located at different locations across the world. But, the use of centralized training design can be beneficial for the company to allocate ownership of training to one organization and removal, variation and duplication in any HRD programme (Delahaye, 2015). Through this, it can be ensured that the skills are adopted across the company and adopt a common set of metrics and scorecards to evaluate the training effectiveness. Apart from this, this training design can be helpful to reduce the cost of HRD and maintain consistency and standardization of train ing being delivered to enhance the learning of the employees and develop HR effectively. But, it may be difficult for trainers to make adjustments instantly due to the requirement for getting permission from the central authority. Apart from this, it is also challenging for the trainers to provide feedback in centralized training design due to isolation from the employees. At the same time, customer model can be another design for managing HRD function appropriately. According to this model, HRD department is responsible for HRD needs of one division or function of the company. For example, if the company wants to enhance the productivity of the employees and organizational performance, then there is a need for the HRD department to focus on the fulfilment of skill gap of the production department to enhance the production efficiency of the employees. Matrix model can also be effective for managing the HRD function effectively. In this design option, it is crucial for trainers to report both training manager and manager in the functional department (Mulvie, 2015). Therefore, the trainer has to fulfil the responsibilities of both a training expert and functional expert. This design is beneficial for the management to ensure that training is linked with the business needs appropriately and develop expertise in trainer regarding particular business functi on. But, it can be time-consuming for the trainers to manage both training department and functional department. On the other hand, the business-embedded model can be another option that can be used by the company to manage HRD function effectively. In this, training is aligned with the business strategy to respond quickly to the customers needs and requirements by providing high-quality products. At the same time, off-the-job and on-the-job designs can also be useful for the company to manage the HRD function in desired way. In on-the-job training, the company can provide HRD programmes to develop the knowledge and proficiency of the employees in a practical way, while facing actual working situations. This design is beneficial to learn in a simple way by performing training activities during the job and generate immediate productivity and quick learning. But, this design can create the workload and increase stress affecting the quality of the performance and organizational effectiveness (Brennan, 2013). On the other hand, off-the-job training design is conducted through seminars, lectures and e-learning practices that can disturb the normal working routine of the employees and increase the cost of HRD and financial burden on the organization. Conclusion In a conclusive way, it can be stated that HRD as a more effective strategic approach plays a significant role in developing skills and knowledge of the people to make them efficient to produce the improved results within the organization. HRD cycle is executed by identifying the HRD needs, designing, delivering and evaluating HRD programmes. In addition, off-the-shelf strategic HRD solution such as the Investors in People standard is effective for the company to develop proficiency and knowledge of the employees to achieve a specific standard of performance. However, there are some problems such as time consumption, high cost and cultural differences due to the diversified workforce during the execution of such HRD solution. At the same time, there are some design options such as centralized training, business-embedded model, customer model; on-the-job training, off-the-job training designs that may be effective to manage the HRD function. Recommendations In order to determine cost effective HRD solution, it is essential for the company to conduct the cost-benefit analysis that could be effective to save time and reduce the cost of human resource development. Ata the same time, it can be beneficial for Kidsgrove Electronics Ltd to conduct diversity management training programs to manage diversified workforce during execution of the HRD solution. Centralized and business-embedded training design can be useful for the company to better align the business strategy with the HRD objectives and control the issue related to diversity among the employees by developing a common organizational culture for HRD (Amason, 2011). In addition, on-the-job training programs can also be useful to develop practical knowledge without affecting working schedule and productivity of the employees. References Amason, A. (2011) Strategic Management: From Theory to Practice. UK: Routledge. Bourne, et al (2008) The Impact of the Investors in People Standard on People Management Practices and Firm Performance. Available at https://www.som.cranfield.ac.uk/som/dinamic-content/media/CBP/Publications/IIP_Impact_StudyReport_CBP%20080930.pdf (Accessed: 30 March, 2016). Brennan, B. (2013) Human resource development: managing learning and knowledge capital, Studies in Continuing Education, 35(2), pp.260-262. Delahaye, B. (2015)Human resource development. UK: Tilde Publishing. Hill, C. and Jones, G. (2012) Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach. USA: Cengage Learning. Karve, S. (2013) Planning and Organizing Training Events. USA: American Society for Training and Development. Mulvie, A. (2015) The Value of Executive Coaching. UK: Routledge. Nickson, D. (2013) Human Resource Management for Hospitality, Tourism and Events. UK: Routledge. O'Grady, A. (2013) Lifelong Learning: An introductory guide for Education Studies. UK: Routledge. Pritchard, A. (2013) Ways of learning: Learning theories and learning styles in the classroom. UK: Routledge. Ranken, W.B. (2010) Employment 2010. UK: NCVO. Saks, A. M., Haccoun, R. R., and Belcourt, M. (2010) Managing performance through training and development. USA: Cengage Learning. Swart, J., Mann, C., Brown, S., and Price, A. (2012)Human Resource Development. UK: Routledge. Truss, C., Mankin, D., and Kelliher, C. (2012) Strategic human resource management. UK: Oxford University Press. Wilton, N. (2010) An introduction to human resource management. USA: Sage Publications.

The Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancie Essay Example For Students

The Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancie Essay s, Gender, Coping Styles, andFamily Alcoholism on Alcohol ConsumptionThe Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Gender, Coping Styles, andFamily Alcoholism on Alcohol ConsumptionResearch Proposal byJosh Robbins100-928-594November 26, 1996Economics 143AbstractOne large component of American popular culture today is alcohol. Acommon stereotype for the effects of alcohol is that as a drug it acts as astress antagonist. This theory was introduced by Conger (1956) as the TensionReduction Hypothesis (TRW). It states that alcohols sedative action on thecentral nervous system serves to reduce tension, and because tension reductionis reinforcing, people drink to escape it (Marlatt ; Rehsenow, 1980). Why do wedrink, when do we drink, and how much do we drink? This research will determinethe correlation between total weekly consumption of alcohol and perceived stress,alcohol outcome expectancies, gender, coping styles, and family history ofalcoholism among undergraduate students. Do p eople drink more or less whenstressed? Do alcohol outcome expectancies lead to higher or lower consumption?Is a history of family alcoholism positively or negatively correlated topersonal consumption? Do the tested variables play mediating or moderatingroles in stress-related drinking? This research will determine the answers tothese questions, and determine the strength of the correlations, if any. We will write a custom essay on The Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancie specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now IntroductionThe main question that this statistical model will answer is as follows:Is there any correlation between drinking and gender, alcohol expectancies,family alcoholism, stress, and coping styles?GenderIt has been demonstrated that significant differences exist between thedrinking patterns of men and women (Hilton, 1988). In a survey of US drinkinghabits conducted in 1988 by the US National Center for Health Statistics, Dawsonand Archer (1992) showed that there are three areas illustrating genderdifferences. The first is the actual number of male and female drinkers. Thestudy showed that 64% of men versus 41% of women were current drinkers. Second,men were more likely to consume alcohol on a daily basis (17.5 grams of ethanolper day versus 8.9 grams for women). Third, men were more likely to beclassified as heavy drinkers. In fact, when the classification measure of aheavy drinker was changed from five drinks or more per day to nine drinks ormore per day the ration of male to female heavy drinkers increased by a factorof 3. StressAre the theories mentioned above about stress-induced drinking accurate?There have been studies which disprove the Tension Reduction Hypothesis. Forinstance, in a study by Conway, Vickers, Ward, and Rahe in 1981 it was foundthat the consumption of alcohol among Navy officers during periods of high jobdemands was actually lower than the consumption during low-demand periods.Additionally, some drinkers have been known to consider alcohol as a tensiongenerator rather than a tension reducer. Alcohol ExpectanciesThe expectations of what effects alcohol consumption may have play animportant role in drinking habits. These expectancies first develop inchildhood as indirect learning experiences (media, family modeling, peerinfluence) and, as a result of increased direct experiences with thepharmacological effects of alcohol, become more refined (Christiansen, Goldman,; Inn, 1982). Do the expectancies that people hold about alcohol decentlypredict consumption? Some people believe that alcohol consumption will increasesexual and aggressive behavior, or otherwise enhance social experiences. Manypeople subscribe to the view that alcohol acts as liquid courage. DataThe dependent variable for this research will be Weekly AlcoholConsumption (WEEK), measured by the total number of drinks consumed in 1 week. A standard drink is defined as a 12-ounce bottle/can of beer, 1.5 ounce shot ofliquor, or a 5 ounce glass of wine. The predictor variables would include thedummy variable GENDER, where D1=1 for a male, STRESS, alcoholic expectancies(EXPECT), family alcoholism (FAMILY), and difference coping styles (COPE). .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .postImageUrl , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:hover , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:visited , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:active { border:0!important; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:active , .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82 .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4ec51be712c2937d160128b5bcee5c82:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Illiad EssayThe complete list of possible measurable variables are: PerceivedStress, Family History of Alcoholism, Problem-Focused Coping, Emotion-FocusedCoping, Less Useful Coping, and Drinking to Cope. For alcohol expectancyoutcomes, the following variables would be useful: Sociability, TensionReduction, Liquid Courage, Sexuality, Cognitive ; Behavioral Impairment, Risk ;Aggression, and Self Perception. The data for this research project will becollected through surveys and questionnaires given to undergraduate students atone university, but not limited to one department. An attempt should be made tosplit the test group approximately equal in terms of sex. Since race/eth nicityand age are not being tested, they are irrelevant for this study. Compensationmay be necessary (possibly a beer), as college students time is quite valuable,and the questionnaire may take approximately 30 minutes. There are a number oftests which currently exist which may be used to evaluate the subjects. 1. Adapted Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (Adapted SMAST)This is a 13 item self-report questionnaire developed by Sher andDescutner in 1986 which is designed to measure family history of alcoholism. This is a yes/no type of test, and is specifically determines the extent of anindividuals parents alcohol abuse. 2. Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol (CEOA)The CEOA (Fromme, Stroot Kaplan, 1993) has 38 questions, and isdesigned to measure alcohol outcome expectancies. There are seven expectancyscales, four positive (sociability, tension-reduction, liquid-courage, andsexuality) and three negative (cognitive-behavioral impairment, risk andaggression, and self perception). The answers are based on a five point scalewith 1 = disagree and 5 = agree. 3. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)The PSS (Cohen, Kamarck, Mermelstein, 1983) is a 14 item self-reportdesigned to assess the degress to which situations in ones life are appraisedas stressful. There are 7 positive and 7 negative questions. 4. COPEThe COPE (Carver et al., 1989) has 53 questions and is designed toassess individual coping dispositions. This test is quite complicated, as it ismade up of 14 scales which are categorized into 3 coping styles: Problem-FocusedCoping, Emotion-Focused Coping, and Less than Useful Coping (Denial, BehavioralDisengagement, and Mental Disengagement). The main result we will be looking atis a section called Drinking to Cope. This will help us find out whetherpeople drink to cope and if so, in what situations. SpecificationThe regression equation for this research will be as follows: WEEKi = b0+ b1(GENDER)i + b2(STRESS)i + b3(EXPECT)i + b4(FAMILY)i + b5(COPE)iThe expected signs of the coefficients are as follows:b1: This is a dummy variable, with only 2 possible values, 0=female and1=male;b2: Positive. Increased stress leads to increased drinking;b3: Both. It will probably be positive with expectancy variables likeTension Reduction, liquid-Courage and Sexuality, while negative with BehavioralImpairment, Risk ; Aggression, and Self Perception;b4: Positive. One would expect an alcoholic family would increase thelikelihood of an alcoholic child;b5: Positive. If we restrict this variable to Drinking To Cope, itshould be positive. I would plan to run a regression using one predictor variable at a time,and then adding an additional variable until many possibilities have beenregressed, determining the correlation between the different predictors. Thiswill determine as well which predictors account for what percentage of thevariability. Anticipated BenefitsAfter determination of the correlation between weekly drinking and the 5predictor variable discussed herein, we will be able to focus on which variableshave more effect, or higher correlation. If the highest correlation is found inthe FAMILY variable, we will know to spend more time and money on programs whichpromote Family Values. If high correlation is found with the STRESS variable,we can direct our energies to making college less stressful. This researchshould be used as a signal for what needs to be done in the future. .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .postImageUrl , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:hover , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:visited , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:active { border:0!important; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:active , .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6 .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf323143453d6a1350dd2dd2c8717f1e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evaluation of preparation and improvisation EssayReferencesCarver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., ; Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing copingstrategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology, 56, 267-283. Christiansen, B. A., Goldman, M. S., ; Inn, A. (1982). Development of alcohol-related expectancies in adolescents: Separatingpharmacological from social-learning influences. Journal of Consulting andClinical Psychology, 50, 336-344. Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., ; Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and SocialBehavior, 24, 385-396. Conger, J. J. (1956). Alcoholism: Theory, problem andchallenge. II. Reinforcement theory and the dynamics of alcoholism. QuarterlyJournal of Studies on Alcohol, 13, 296-305. Conway, T. L., Vickers, R. R., Ward,H. W., ; Rahe, R. H. (1981). Occupational stress and variation in cigarette,coffee, and alcohol consumption. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22,155-165. Dawson, D. A., ; Archer, L. (1992). Gender differences in alcoholconsumption: Effects of measurement. British Journal of Addiction, 87, 119-123. Hilton, M. E. (1988). Trends in US drinking patterns: Further evidence fromthe past 20 years. British Journal of Addiction, 83, 269-278. Marlatt, G. A, ;Rohsenow, D. J. (1980). Cognitive processes in alcohol use: Expectancy and thebalanced placebo design. In N. K. Mello (Ed.). Advances in Substance Abuse:Behavioral and biological research, Vol. 1. Greenwich: JAI Press. Sher, K. J.,; Descutner, C. (1986). Reports of paternal alcoholism: Reliability acrosssiblings. Journal of Addictive Behaviors, 11, 25-30. Business

The Process For Firing a Government Employee

The Process For Firing a Government Employee The federal government’s disciplinary personnel process have become so cumbersome that only about 4,000 employees a year 0.2 % of the total workforce of 2.1 million are fired, according to the Government Accountability Office (GAO). In 2013, the federal agencies dismissed around 3,500 employees for performance or a combination of performance and conduct. In its report to the Senate Homeland Security Committee, the GAO stated, â€Å"The time and resource commitment needed to remove a poor performing permanent employee can be substantial.† In fact, found the GAO, firing a federal employee often takes from six months to over a year. â€Å"According to selected experts and GAO’s literature review, concerns over internal support, lack of performance management training, and legal issues can also reduce a supervisor’s willingness to address poor performance,† wrote the GAO. Remember, it actually took an act of Congress to give the Secretary of the Department of Veterans Affairs the power to outright fire senior VA executives who failed to meet performance standards. As the GAO noted, the in 2014 annual survey of all federal employees, only 28% said the agencies they worked for had any formal procedure for dealing with chronically poorly performing workers. The Probationary Period Problem After being hired, most federal employees serve a one-year probationary period, during which the lack the same rights to appeal disciplinary actions – like firing – as employees who have completed probation. It is during that probationary period, advised the GAO when the agencies should try their hardest to identify and carve out the â€Å"bad word† employees before they gain the full right to appeal. According to the GAO, about 70% of the 3,489 federal employees fired in 2013 were fired during their probationary period. While the exact number is not known, some employees facing disciplinary actions during their probationary period choose to resign rather than have a firing on their record, noted the GAO. However, reported the GAO, work unit managers â€Å"often do not use this time to make performance-related decisions about an employee’s performance because they may not know that the probationary period is ending or they have not had time to observe performance in all critical areas.† As a result, many new employees fly â€Å"under the radar† during their probationary periods. ‘Unacceptable,’ Says Senator The GAO was asked to investigate the government firing process by Sen. Ron Johnson (R-Wisconsin), chairman of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. In a statement on the report, Sen. Johnson found it â€Å"unacceptable that some agencies let the first year slip by without conducting performance reviews, never aware that the probationary period had expired. The probationary period is one of the best tools the federal government has to weed out poor-performing employees. Agencies must do more to evaluate the employee during that time period and decide whether she or he can do the job.† Among other corrective actions, the GAO recommended the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) the government’s HR department extend the mandatory probationary period beyond 1-year and include at least one full employee evaluation cycle. However, the OPM said extending the probationary period would probably require, you guessed it, â€Å"legislative action† on the part of Congress.

The Most Important Day of My Life Essays

The Most Important Day of My Life Essays The Most Important Day of My Life Paper The Most Important Day of My Life Paper In The Most Important Day of My Life, Helen Keller narrates how her patient and loving teacher inspired and enabled her to learn despite her disabilities. The essay is a narrative account of her blossoming from a seven year old girl facing the difficulties of learning with her disabilities to someone who is passionate for learning and discovering things. She begins the story of her educational journey on the day she meets her teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, for the first time. She is just about to be seven years old and has never experienced formal education, largely due to the fact that she is blind, mute and deaf. She describes the anxious moment with luscious detail, capturing her sense of hope and anticipation. Being disabled, Keller thinks of herself as a â€Å"great ship† in a â€Å"dense fog,† desperate to find light and direction (Keller, 1998, 8). She believes that on that day, the â€Å"light of love† begins shining on her life (Keller, 1998, 9). Keller then proceeds to tell the early stages of her education with Sullivan. She describes Sullivan’s simple yet uncanny method of finger play in which Sullivan spells the word doll after giving the young Keller one. Sullivan’s instruction begins to be more complex as she teaches Keller small words and word association to enable Keller in identifying objects around her. Keller’s blindness makes it difficult for her to appreciate the words associated to things because she has not seen any of it. But Sullivan is patient and persistent. She thinks of creative ways to help Keller appreciate the things she is learning. After breaking the doll she got from Sullivan, Keller is taken by her teacher to the garden where she teaches her the meaning of water, a concept Keller could not understand at first. Sullivan’s creativity pays off and Keller’s mind opens up to the rich world of language. She says that the â€Å"living word awakened [her] soul† and that her new found ability to name things has given her hope and light in darkness. She begins to see how she is connected to the world (Keller, 1998, 10). The passion for learning ignites her mind and heart, and things around her suddenly â€Å"quiver with life† (Keller, 1998, 10). She develops sentiment and tenderness as a result of discovering her connection to things. Realizing what she has done to the doll, she tries to put back its pieces together. Besides discovering the passion of learning, Keller also becomes an eager student. She grabs every opportunity to learn what she can. Sullivan widens Keller’s perspective by relating her thoughts to nature and teaching her its beauty and wonder. Despite the absence of sight, Keller sees and appreciates the works of nature and feels one with it. However, Keller learns that nature is not as kind as she thinks. After getting trapped on top of tree in a thunderstorm, Keller learns fear. It takes her a while to regain her trust in nature and the irresistible charm of the mimosa tree to feel once again her connection to nature. As she climbs the tree by herself, her curiosity for â€Å"doing something unusual† is revived in her heart (Keller, 1998, 12). Keller realizes that learning language is gradual and for the deaf child, difficult and challenging. But the fruits of discovering language is always rewarding. As she gains more words, her ideas become more complex and her questions incessant. Upon hearing the word love from Sullivan, Keller encounters abstract ideas and begins to grapple with their meaning. Sullivan’s ingenuity enables Keller to associate the abstract with the concrete as Sullivan connects love with familiar concepts such as clouds, rain and flowers. Keller believes that Sullivan’s treatment of her as a normal child has helped her enormously. As Sullivan augments Keller’s disability through patient repetitions and training, Keller gains confidence to participate in conversations. She is able to overcome the difficulties of her disability by learning from life itself- a life enriched by her gracious teacher. Sullivan has molded her and fulfilled her potential. She has given her hope and â€Å"breathed†¦love, joy †¦and meaning† to everything around Keller (Keller, 1998, 14). It is Sullivan’s genius as a teacher, grace for Keller’s disability and vision for the young girl that has widened the depth and breadth of Keller’s mind. Keller describes Sullivan’s vision for her student through an image of nature which she has learned from the great teacher. From Sullivan, Keller learns that education is beyond the classroom and beyond the routine teaching of skills and concepts. A teacher must instill in his student’s mind the freedom he has from learning because this will enable him to face its challenges. Keller concludes by giving homage to Sullivan, pertaining to her as an extension of herself, a person who is in union with her being. It is impossible for her to have the imagination and intelligence she has without the guidance of Sullivan.

Media Broadcasting Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media Broadcasting Sustainability - Essay Example According to Sachs and Finkelpearl, the marketing operations have also been identified to be playing an effective role in the development of businesses and other corporate entities. In this respect, business entities, with the assistance of social marketing, have assisted in changing the behavior along with cultural values as observed in the society. Respectively, social marketing have assisted business entities in developing better communities and societies focusing on the aim of addressing to the issues in relation to environmental sustainability (Sachs and Finkelpearl, â€Å"From Selling Soap to Selling Sustainability: Social Marketing†). Again, in the second article titled ‘Media Literacy, Citizenship, and Sustainability’ by Robin Andersen and Pamela Miller, emphasis has been laid on the trend, which implies that different business organizations have adopted various marketing strategies with the aim of ensuring that the products are marketed effectively in loc al, national as well as international markets in today’s contemporary era. Contextually, the importance of visual advertisements has been recognized to play a major role in attracting consumers towards a product. There are different media technologies, which include televisions, internets and magazines among others that have assisted in influencing the consumer culture to a substantial extent. In this regard, the article illustrates that the Diesel Company has used different media technologies in promoting its products through visual messages. Thus, media technologies have assisted the company to perform in a sustainable manner. In this regard, media literacy and education is important in the present business scenario to develop better creative as well as innovative ads and facilitate an effective bondage with different cultures and peoples. Media literacy will also facilitate consumers in having a better understanding and information in relation to factors accountable for cl imate change along with other awareness programs. Contextually, media literacy has also been argued as essential to develop a better sustainability along with citizenship on a global context in this article (Andersen and Miller, â€Å"Media Literacy, Citizenship, and Sustainability†). In the third article titled, ‘Music: Using Education and Entertainment to Motivate Change’ by Amy Han, arguments have been centered to the notion that music from traditional era till the present day context has been used as an effective role in developing better connection amid people. It also assists in developing the spiritual aspects of people in an entertaining manner. The article further argues that in the present digital age, media technologies, which include ‘social networking sites’ such as Facebook and Twitter among others are used to preserve music and also share it within the social circle irrespective of geographical and political limits. Music is used in ed ucation with the intention of developing cognitive skills and self-awareness along with self-confidence skills amid individuals. Music is also recognized to influence the moral character of an individual. Music education also assists individuals in having a better understanding of environment and its sustainability. In this regard, the article denotes that music has been used in different festivals and entertainment events. These events are organized and educate people about the way of minimizing waste and preserving the natural beauty (Han, â€Å"Music: Using Education and Entertainment to Motivate Change†). PART II The articles summarized in the discussion of part

Simple report Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Simple report - Term Paper Example The text book was not easy to understand. I had to consult a number of sources in order to comprehend the concepts presented in the text book. Online sources like webibliography were particularly useful in clearing my ambiguities and misconceptions regarding writing. The Writing Center provides an individual with the opportunity to attend a conference online in which he/she can have one-to-one conversation with a writing expert on a piece of expository writing. I find report writing a very time consuming activity. A lot of time goes into deciding the subject of writing and brainstorming so as to acquire a whole range of ideas before the writing can actually be commenced. I find this exercise very lethargic. The process of writing was particularly difficult for me because English is not my mother tongue. It gets very hard to organize wild thoughts into a coherent argument when it is to be done in a second language. Therefore, in an attempt to improve the quality of my work, I would ask my friends to have a look at it and point out the mistakes before I forwarded the final version to the mentor for grading. In addition to that, I used to communicate with my friends in no other language but English all the time with a view to achieving fluency in speaking English and becoming confident with its use in speech and in writing. Now, that I have been through this class, I notice a lot of improvement in my writing skills. Although my current self-grading i.e. 4 and 5 out of 10 is remarkably low, yet it is much better than the scores of 1 and 2 which used to reflect my competence in writing before I took this course. I am positive that a little practice every day would drastically improve these scores. I have organized the improvements I now notice in my writing ability after this course below: I maintain the lines of communication with my colleagues so as to establish the goals of

Hound of the baskervilles Essay Example for Free

Hound of the baskervilles Essay Conan Doyle writes the text I am studying and the novel is The Hound of the Baskervilles it is a story where a phantom hound is supposedly killing off members of the Baskerville bloodline. So Sir Henry calls upon Sherlock Holmes to investigate along with Watson and hopefully lay the myth to rest forever. In this essay I will describe the characters and look at how Conan Doyle creates suspense + a feeling of mystery in the text and how he describes the environment by using different language. In particular I will be looking at the language used in the sentences, as this is an important part as to how Conan Doyle creates suspense. Watson tells the story in the first person we know this because the story is told by him and his diary also this has already happened making this in the past tense, the events happen in chronological order. Watson describes everything very slowly and in detail up until they chase after the hound, then everything happens very quickly after this. Conan Doyle uses clever wording in his sentences for example: a key turned in the lock and as he passed in there was a curious scuffling from within this creates tension because it makes you fearful of what is in the shadows of the room. This makes you want to read on to find out what happens and what creature lurks inside the abyss. Conan Doyle makes you panic when he introduces the sea of fog gliding across the Grimpen Mire. This causes tension because if sir Henry does not get to them the hound will get him then when the hound leaps out of the fog with burning blue teeth it makes you jump up in your seat. This dissipates the tension and everything turns into adrenaline to kill the hound. You know something scary is going to happen when they cock there pistols ready to shoot what ever comes at them earthly or demonic. Hist cried Holmes and I heard the sharp click of a cocking pistol this shows that they are ready for anything and this builds tension because your eagerly anticipating whatever is going to come out of the fog. Conan Doyle creates tension by making sure that Holmes does not tell lestrade and Watson anything this makes them very annoyed but because of this it creates a lot of suspense and tension in the reader because you do not know what is going on. The Grimpen Mire is described as a dangerous creature crawling across the mire and towards the house and this creates a threatening atmosphere because unless sir Henry gets to them in time then Holmes plans could be thrown into disarray and the hound could kill sir Henry so this creates a tense atmosphere. The Grimpen Mire is described as a huge morass of foul slime filled with bones. Protected by the foul smell of the swamp, which gives off a very sinister smell, which gives it a sinister feel and how cruel Stapleton was. Stapleton had obviously gone slightly mad in his desperate attempts to kill members of the Baskerville bloodline. In conclusion Conan Doyle creates tension by keeping his cards close to his chest up until the very last few moments and this is how he develops tension. Also by describing the scenes and introducing the sinister fog it makes the scene scarier. The tensest bit is when you are waiting for the hound after sir Henry has passed and there are a few heart pounding seconds waiting for the creature. I think that Conan Doyles choice of language and the way he sets out the environment is how he creates tension and that this is why it is so tense in chapter 14 of the Hound of the Baskervilles.

Essay --

The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides, "No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury†¦nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property†¦ nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation"(Cornell). The clauses within the Fifth Amendment outline constitutional limits on police procedure. Within them there is protection against self-incrimination, it protects defendants from having to testify if they may incriminate themselves through the testimony. A witness may plead the fifth and not answer to any questioning if they believe it can hurt them (Cornell). The Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, enumerates certain basic personal liberties. Laws passed by elected officials that infringe on these liberties are invalidated by the judiciary as unconstitutional. The Fifth Amendment was ratified in 1791; the Framers of the Fifth Amendment intended that its revisions would apply only to the actions of the federal government. After the Fourteenth was ratified, most of the Fifth Amendment's protections were made applicable to the states. Under the Incorporation Doctrine, most of the liberties set forth in the Bill of Rights were made applicable to state governments through the U.S. Supreme Court's interpretation of the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment (Burton, 2007). The one exception to asking questions without warning is if there is some type of danger to the public, which allows officers to engage in questioning. The government cannot force citizens to tes... ...ained in their questioning. Officers commonly have small cards with the Miranda warnings on them so they don’t forget or skip over a part of ones right, if this does occur evidence still cannot be properly obtained because the person was not fully warned of all their rights. Currently, the only unwarned questioning that can occur is if the officer believes the public is in some type of danger. For example, if police come across a man standing in a convenience store that fits the description of recent thefts in a nearby neighborhood and the man runs once police confront him and is later caught and searched, when upon the search they realize he has an empty shoulder holster. In this scenario the public is in potential danger, the police can ask him where the gun is hidden without reading the man his rights and it would not be violating his Fifth Amendment rights.

Exploring The Novel Poisonwood Bible And Macbeth English Literature Essay

The drama Macbeth by William Shakespeare and the fresh Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver, are literary plants that explore the deep desires of self fulfilment. While many different literary devices are outstanding in both plants, this paper will concentrate on the intervention of subjects by both writers. Namely the subjects of power and control. These subjects are best highlighted in Lady Macbeth from Macbeth and Nathan Price from the Poisonwood Bible. These two characters best develop the subjects of power and control through their shared features of aspiration, use and pitilessness. Ambition is a reoccurring tool of character development in both The Poisonwood Bible and Macbeth, employed by the writers to stress the overall subjects of power and control. Nathan is a clergyman from America in the Congo trying to conform the small town of Kilanga to the Catholic religion. His aspiration and motivations are powered by fright and blind religion in God, coupled with desire for personal power-which he self interestedly translated into taking control of the small town and holding power over the people. He besides believes that if he does non finish the undertaking he will be unable to come in heaven. His aspiration begins to over power his judgement, his ability to ground and his construct of household, which causes the small town people to beat up against him to seek and re derive their freedom and independency hence exercising their ain signifier of power and re-enforcing the overall subjects. Unlike Nathan ‘s gradual and increased aspiration, Lady Macbeth â₠¬Ëœs aspiration is instantly apparent from the beginning of the drama, and merely grows as the desire for the throne and its power direct her over the border. She right off begins to piece a program to kill King Duncan in order to put her hubby Macbeth in line for the throne. This compulsion drives her insane, and like Nathan her ability to ground, her judgement and her scruples are clouded by her demand for power and control. She acted in ways that showed that she would halt at nil in order to derive the throne even if it meant slaying. Both characters became so ambitious in their efforts to derive power and wield control, that it finally drives them to their ain deceases. Manipulation is another changeless, though more subtly employed, word picture tool in both plants. She manipulated Macbeth into killing Duncan, in order to derive the rubric of King and Queen. Lady Macbeth ironically, felt excessively guilty to kill Duncan herself-due to resemblance to her father-however, had no scruple or concern for Macbeths witting when she manipulated him into killing his friend. In order to carry through this she began oppugning Macbeth ‘s manhood, seeking to convert him that he was emasculate -hence weaker so she, so she and that he could non step up to the undertaking of killing Duncan. This mental use made him oppugn his judgement, which led to him going really baffled. In the terminal her uses were successful, assisting her achieve the power and control she so greatly desired. Nathan like Lady Macbeth, abused his household in order to acquire what he wanted. The villagers had become so fed up with Nathan seeking to command them and their faith that the y rebelled, killing all the white people in their small town. Nathan ‘s married woman and kids are in secret fixing to get away to America, but Nathan, out of fright of solitariness, begins to mistreat and pull strings his married woman, and endanger the lives of his kids, in order to acquire them to stay in the small town and let him to go on his quest. This maltreatment and use allowed Nathan to recover power and control over his household, while doing them even more anguish as they impotently watch the deceases of many people they loved. Both Lady Macbeth and Nathan ‘s uses and evident deficiency of guilt over them, show to the audience merely how pitiless both characters are. This pitilessness is a 3rd of import manner the characters are both developed and the subjects enriched. Nathan is so determined to complete the quest God sent him to make that he forgot his ethical motives and committed awful Acts of the Apostless in order to obtain power over the small town people and control over his household ensuing in the loss of many guiltless lives. His chief distressing act of pitilessness was working his girls and coercing them to remain in the Congo so that he could keep his control over them while the villagers fought for their freedom. These egoistic actions resulted in the decease of his four girls and married woman, go forthing him entirely. Lady Macbeth was far more pitiless so Nathan, upon hearing that Macbeth was to be king she immediately began to inquire God to do her into more of a adult male in order to be able to perpetrate slaying. â€Å" Come, you spirits that tend on moral ideas, unsex me here, aˆ?aˆ?And make full me, from the Crown to the toe, Top-full of direst inhuman treatment. aˆ?aˆ?A Make midst my blood. â€Å" ( Lady Macbeth- Act 1 scene V ) . She lost her scruples wholly and began to move without witting in the effort to derive the throne, her symbols of power and control. Lady Macbeth increasingly becomes more pitiless, until she does non even question the idea of killing Duncan in order to be following in line to the throne, she is over whelmed in her ain desires, that she forgot about everything else that use to affair. Throughout both Macbeth and the Poisonwood Bible both writers develop their several characters of Lady Macbeth and Nathan Price by foregrounding their picks and actions through aspiration, use and pitiless action. These characters therefore serve to foreground the overall subjects of power and control in both plants. Both Nathan and Lady Macbeth sacrificed everything for power and control non recognizing the true cost. Nathan losingss his full household and is left to populate entirely, and Lady Macbeth looses her saneness, driving herself to take her ain life. Their battle for power and control wrecked many lives and in the terminal their several triumphs was so little that it all did non look worth the attempt. COMPARATIVE ESSAY Having†¦ Lady Macbeth from Shakespear ‘s Macbeth and Nathan Price from the Poisonwood Bible By: Tori Skot For: Ms.Zaikos January 7, 2008

Western Art

In the Paris suburb, about 80 km from the city, there stands the one of the most exquisite samples of the French cathedrals of Gothic style, the Chartres. Numerous works on this subject someway mention that â€Å"Gothic architecture began with the quantum leap of Chartres Cathedral, France† (Vickers, 1999). To be more specific about the interior architecture of this building, let us come inside. There are several unique architectural features, ‘cutting-edge’ for the 12th century, introduced in the edifice. First and the most outstanding of them, the flying buttresses, have greatly contributed in the whole architectural solution represented by higher ceiling and thinner walls, which later became typical for Gothic structures. The buttresses allowed redistributing of the roof load outw?rds, and helped to avoid the old practice of thick, heavy walls. Generally, the Cathedral was built in Latin-crossed configuration, as we can see on the plan: As we enter the cathedral, our attention is primarily drawn by multiple arches (another peculiarity of cathedral’s architecture), the stained-glass windows composed of the hundreds of geometric?lly sh?ped glass pieces, and the sculptures illustrating Old Testament scenes. By moving on between the two towers, we are walking over the famous labyrinth, and can see numerous arcades on the both North and South Naves, with clerestory and stained glass above. As we look back to the entrance, we notice one of the three rose windows on the west front. Passing the aspiring aisles leads us to the Crossing, the central part of the building, wider and more spacious. On the left transept our glance is immediately grabbed by the wall painting of Saints fronting the ‘Virgin and Child’ painting on the opposite transept. At the same time we are enjoying the view of cross-type vaulting and upper north and south walls including more rose windows. After the Crossing, we are finally reaching the Choir section and the Ambulatory. The apse of the cathedral is represented with 5 Radiating Chapels. The Chartres Cathedral that we have nowadays, despite fire damages and further restoration, is one of the finest examples of the French Gothic architecture.

Needs of the employees of Melbourne Aquarium

Needs of the employees of Melbourne Aquarium Executive summary The management of human labor is crucial to any organization. Lack of good management has lead to a lot of loss due to sabotage, strikes, go-slows and low quality of services due to employee de-motivation. This paper is a case study for the needs of the employees of Melbourne Aquarium, measured against what the aquarium requires of its staff.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Needs of the employees of Melbourne Aquarium specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To carry out the study, three main methodologies were used. The first step was touring the aquarium and making eye observations. This was important as it gave the research team first hand information about the aquarium. The other second hand information was got from an interview on one of the staff. Though it was hard to get an interviewee, the research team eventually got a security guard to interview. The interviewee sought anonymity. The above infor mation was compared with the materials available from online sources and materials. From these, the research team came out with some findings. The areas covered in this paper include the needs of the Melbourne Aquarium: education, experience, flexibility as well as personality as well as those of the employees; security, contract needs among others. The research team recommended arrangement of seminars where the employees could be informed of the employers requirements and separate seminars where the Melbourne Aquarium management could be informed of the needs of the staff. Increment of the staff was also recommended. Introduction As the name suggests, the aquarium is located in Melbourne along the southern ocean. It borders Yarra River and Flinders Street.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The aquarium is one of the biggest in Australia and attracts thousands of to urists annually to it. The aquarium that is owed by the MFS Living Leisure Group was renovated in 2004 which lead to increase in the labor need of the aquarium. The needs of an employer Education The first basic need of an employer in the tourism industry is relevance education. Academic excellence in most cases is a proof of the ability of an employee to perform in the required levels of professionalism. It is in this line that the company is thought to have placed its advertisement for personnel including academic qualifications as one of the primary requirements. In a recent advert, Melbourne Aquarium announced the post of a financial controller of its system accounts records. In the announcement, the Melbourne Aquarium stated that a person with a master’s degree in finance management and an international certification in the same discipline would have an added advantage in the selection of the qualified candidates (Mylne, Llewellyn, Crittall, 2011, p23). This case is com mon in all the departments of Melbourne Aquarium. Other departments include human resource management, tour guidance, the crowd control, lifesaving, and strategic managers. However, qualifications in each department vary. For example, a good certificate in life saving skills can earn the favor of the human resource team in Melbourne Aquarium. Experience Apart from academic qualifications, Melbourne Aquarium gives preference to an employee who has an experience and exposure to the field of work.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Needs of the employees of Melbourne Aquarium specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This makes the recruitment and the training to be easier less costly and also less time consuming. Thus, an application in any position needs to have the required experience in the various departments of the aquarium (Torrington, Hall, Taylor, 2008, p31). In the strategic management, the firm requires a minimum of fi ve years experience. This is the department that ranks highest in the organizations and controls all other department. Thus, the company need not make any mistake in the kind of personnel that are recruited in the department. In other departments, the minimum requirement is three year of experience while the crowd management requires four years (Torrington, Hall, Taylor, 2008, p31). However, the firm gives attachment and internship to graduates from high education institutions. These persons are put under the supervision and control of highly trained and experienced staff so that the quality of work is not compromised. Flexibility of language, culture and religion The thousands of tourist who trickle into the banks of Melbourne Aquarium daily are drawn from various points of the world. These customers are also drawn from a variety of traditions, and religions and use different languages in their countries. Melbourne Aquarium thus prefers personal who is flexible to deal with all thi s kind of customers. In Australia, Australian English is the national language. While most of the staff is drawn from the country one of the qualification is the ability to converse in different languages (Mylne, Llewellyn, Crittall, 2011, p23). In the last two decades, Melbourne Aquarium has increased the percentage of international labor considerably. One of the main reasons of this move was to make sure that the personnel are fluent with as many languages as possible. In their advertisements, the firm quotes conversancy with other languages as a requirement.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though not mentioned, these languages are those that are commonly used including British English, French, Chinese, German and Arabic languages (Mylne, Llewellyn, Crittall, 2011, p23). The needs of an employee While it is easy to know the requirements of an employer though the advertisement that they make, the needs of an employee may be harder to be known. In this regard, I carried out an interview with an employee in the Melbourne Aquarium so as to measure the situation (Page, 2009, p147). Contract of work An employment contract in Melbourne Aquarium is composed by an offer by the prospect employee and an acceptance or a counter offer by the Melbourne Aquarium. This is valid in labor contracts; a labor contract involves an offer and acceptance where the parties are employer and employee. According to our source –a security guard at the Melbourne Aquarium- who sought anonymity, the staffs that do have a contract in the tourism sector are oppressed by their employers. Even tho ugh these cases are few in Melbourne Aquarium the victims cry foul of not being treated as equals in the firm as other employees (Bohlander, Snell, 2009, p12). Conducive environment The motivation of any worker is first drawn from the environment that is sounding the work place. This case applies across the industries including the tourism industry. Conducive environment includes terms that are favorable to the employer, the intercalation between the employees, freedom of interaction and converging, the provision of basic necessities and also the recognition of an employee as a person. After several visits to Melbourne Aquarium I noted that the population ratio between the employees and the tourists who visit the aquarium is so small that the staff at times is not able to control the crowds. This was drawn from an observation during a visit the research team paid during a peak season. The case is especially so during the peak periods. It was my view that their low delivery at such t imes may be blamed without regard to the situation on the ground. Cases of customer bearing the burden when they are overloaded are not uncommon in tourism companies (Egger, McClymont, 2004, p56). Payment rate The employment contracts include the payments tat each person receives. The employees of the tourism industry cry foe due to the major variances in their terms of payments. The knowledge that one is working at the same level yet he or she is being remunerated better that you is so de-motivating. According to our source, the staff at Melbourne Aquarium has been demanding for this right which is yet to be met satisfactorily. The more experienced and connected staff is more remunerated than those with less experience. The motivation of staff is affected when the knowledge of such comes to their attention (Weaver, Lawton, 2010, p80). Safety and confidentiality The mind of person operates in a way that when it is unsure of the security of the surrounding, it responds by reducing th e productivity of other body organs. Thus the employees of any industry need to ensured of their safety. This especially goes to the life sabers. They need to be ensured that there are no sharp objects and other things that may harm them in their duty off saving other lives. However, even the other personnel need to be sure of their security. (Woodside, 2007, p90). Apart from the safety from physical danger, the staff also needs to be ensured that the information about their relationship with the 3mployer is kept confidential. This means that while giving the tourists who visit the aquarium details about the staff, personal data should not be revealed. Instead, the management should give general data (Ashworth, Bain, Smitz, 2004, p128). Conclusion The understanding of the requirements of both the employer and employee is a basic requirement in the study of human resource management. The above mentioned issues are so intense and need to be rectified to improve the relationship betwee n Melbourne Aquarium and its staff. This analysis leads to the conclusion that, each of the parties has to be well informed before entering into a contract so that the decision made may not be regrettable. The employer should be aware that the employees require security and good working conditions while the employees should realize that service delivery is the top requirement of Melbourne Aquarium. Recommendations As we have seen through the paper, there the requirements of Melbourne Aquarium and those of its employees are different. Therefore it is recommendable that both the employees and the strategic managers be educated more on the rights of each other. Thus education seminars should be held differently and also is consistent. Any new employee or a member of the directing board should be given the information that is required without bias. In rectifying some of the cases, it is recommended that the ratio of the staff and the tourist population be increased. This should be done by recruiting of new staff. This will in response create a better environment to the employees. In their part, the employees should not be contented by their levels of experience and expertise. Addition of education skills and other tourism based education is a necessity tat can increase employer satisfaction. This two are just but examples of areas that need rectification. References Ashworth, S., Bain, C., Smitz, P., 2004. Lonely Planet Australia. Australia: Sage. Bohlander, G., Snell, S., 2009. Managing Human Resources. New Jersey: John Willey sons Inc. Egger, S., McClymont, D., 2004. Melbourne. Melbourne: ICI. Mylne, L., Llewellyn, M., Crittall, R., 2011. Frommers Australia. Australia: Frommer. Page, S., 2009. Tourism Management: Managing for Change. London: Sage. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S., 2008. Human Resource Management. Australia: Cengage Brain. Weaver, D., Lawton, L., 2010. Tourism Management. Australia: ICI. Woodside, A., 2007. Tourism management: analysis, beha vior and strategy. New York: Cengage Brain.

The Brain Drain essays

The Brain Drain essays One of the major concerns of today's companies is the shortage of labor, especially in management. The baby boomers are nearing retirement age in the United States and the birth rate is dropping. These circumstances, coupled with the booming economy are the main causes of the labor shortage. There is a high demand for labor but the once seemingly bottomless pool of employees and managers that companies drew from has started to dry up. What are the factors that contributed to the problem and how are today's corporations going to handle this problem? The type of labor needed in today's society has been undergoing a constant change. There is an increase in demand for workers but there is a much greater demand for educated white-collar workers, especially management material. Projections state that the growth in managerial positions will increase 20% by the year 2010 yet the population aged 35-50 will decrease nearly 10%. What these figures say is the already diminishing supply of executives is going to dwindle even more over the next 10 years. There is a shortage of blue-collar workers now and there will also be an even greater shortage of them in the future. In order for employers to find people who are willing to perform unskilled, repetitive jobs they are going to have to be willing to raise the level of compensation offered to employees. If McDonalds needs someone to flip hamburgers they better be prepared to pay double to triple minimum wage. There are a wide variety of employment opportunities and today's workforce can afford to be selective when choosing a job. The demand for employees is high while the supply is low. The figures on the change in average population ages and growth in industrialized nations is beginning to make the corporate world stand up and take notice. If the trends continue as they have been for the past thirty years, the shortage of labor is going to continually get worse with each year...

Business Decision Analysis Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business Decision Analysis Project - Essay Example This analysis report will help decide whether James starting a new business will generate enough income to cater for the income that James will forgo so as to run the new business. Also, the report will give him sound financial advice for his decision-making process. We shall also use US Code 1031- tax free exchange in the report. The rule states that a company can defer capital gain taxes if he sells property to reinvest in another one. Mr James Wiesman faces the major challenge of deciding whether or not he should buy/lease the equipment needed to manufacture the products or buy them from another company. Currently, Mr James owns a construction patent of a process that reduces the cost of production tremendously. The patent is highly lucrative, which has led to Mr James to sign contracts with the U.S. government to supply the products to the navy and army for Barrack constructions. The facts of this problem are that the cost of producing the products himself will attribute for 60% of his total costs (Glen& Howard, 91). In addition, the cost of production of the materials will be a third of buying it from another company. It is evident that the cost of buying the product from another company will be much higher than the former. Based on the mentioned facts, it is advisable that Mr James Wiesman buys/leases the equipment needed for production. Buying or leasing equipment will require Mr James to open his own firm. The initial costs of production include the purchase of land, building costs and the working capital that sum up to over2,120,000 $. Mr James has to decide the sources for his financing to make this decision. He has two options to choose. Firstly, Mr John Money Bag is willing to give him 2,000,000$ for controlling interest of the company as well as semi-active management participation. Secondly, Mr James can sell off some of his assets to raise the funds necessary for production. Mr James is

Team Case Study 2 The Deepwater Horizon Part 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Team 2 The Deepwater Horizon Part 1 - Case Study Example e, it becomes essentials to ask the difficult yet factual questions in order to obtain every possible view in the management of such disasters even in future. BP just as any other large multinational corporation understood the nature of their industry and the risks expected in such industries. As such, the company should have developed an effective crisis response and management team in order to contain the effects of the accidents. Despite such assumptions, the company could not contain the problem whose effects continued for weeks. Additionally, the company would later spend billions of dollars in an extensive public relations campaign as it sought to absolve itself and reestablish its reputation. Such occurrences portray laxity in the company’s management. Among the factual questions, thus include whether the accident was an act of either omission or commission in the management’s functions, whether the management acted promptly or not and whether the management of the multinational corporation valued the life of its employees and the ecosystem as it envisioned (Weiss

The Mexican-American War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Mexican-American War - Essay Example The northerners who were partial to free labor quarreled with the southerners who desired to expand slavery over the fate of the new lands. Congressman David Wilmot’s proviso that barred slavery in the new lands was supported by the northern Democrats but objected to by the southerners. These disagreements were sorted out in the compromise of 1850 that accepted California as a free state, ending slave trade in Washington D.C, solving the boundary quarrel between Texas and New Mexico, easing Southerners ability to recapture fugitive slaves and formation of Utah and New Mexico regions with issues regarding slavery in each to be settled by popular sovereignty (Singletary).  Capital punishment has been abolished in many countries across Europe, Latin America although it is still retained in some parts of Asia and Africa. In non-democratic countAfrica.pecially in the Middle East, capital punishment is still quite common. Capital punishment is usually given for murder, treason and in Muslim countries, it is also given for sexual and, religious crimes. In China, the death penalty could be given for corruption and other serious offenses. In countries where capital punishment has been banned, the punishment is usually considered as a human rights issue and opponents of capital punishment argue that capital punishment does not deter criminals and the poor or minority are sometimes wrongfully convicted.

Economic questions Essay Example for Free

Economic questions Essay 1. It has to do with game theory. In the prisoner’s dilemma, two suspects are taken by the police and each told separately that they can gain their freedom by testifying against each other. If neither testifies, they each will serve a six months sentence. If one testifies the other stays silent, the one will go free and the other will serve 10 yrs. If both testify then both will serve 5 yrs. The best thing is for both to be silent, but the more likely scenario is that each, fearful of a long sentence, bails on the other and nobody wins. In economics it is the investors hoping to ride the high flyers into the New Year; the best outcome is for nobody to sell. Most years, that is how it works and year end rallies leave everyone satisfied. 2. Economic theory. Through regulation is the best way market failure or externalities are dealt with when they are harmful to society. Externality is an economic side effect. They are the costs or benefits that come from economic activities that affect others than the individuals that re engaged in the economic activities. Some solutions are negative- taxes, positive-subsidy. 3. Sources of income in a capitalist economy would be their property rights that entitle them to earn a profit for the use of their capital as risk in some form of economic activity. They would be related through labor by human capital. The knowledge and skill acquired by labor through education and labor. 4. The rate is determined by a percentage of its turnover or sales. 5. Investment is something investors decide how much they will spend on new investment. Example: Producers have to decide whether to replace used up or obsolete machinery, whether to expand production these costs will become an investment that in turn should make them money. There are four principal determinants of autonomous investment, the level of technology, rate of interest, expectation of future economic growth and the rate of capacity utilization. 6. With an equilibrium price. The price that equates quantity demanded to quality supplied. If any disturbance from that price occurs, excess demand or excess supply emerges to drive price back to equilibrium. 7. The classical view of how our economy behaves is this: If the economy were left on its own without the interference of government or the Fed. It would move towards an equilibrium rate of growth that would produce with only minor interruptions, full employment without inflation. This hands off rests upon two simple propositions about market, one that all markets are basically competitive and two, all prices are flexible upward and downward approaching equilibrium. Unemployment is only a temporary condition caused by wage rates climbing above the equilibrium rate. A shift in the extraction curves is the economy’s rate of unemployment and rate of inflation. 8. Supply-side economists emphasize the importance of reducing tax rates. They accept the Keynesian idea that lower tax rates will increase consumer demand, but they believe a more important consequence is the added incentive it provides suppliers. For example; lower corporate tax rates increase after tax profit, which induces suppliers to increase aggregate supply. Lower income tax rates encourage more people to work longer, adding as well to aggregate supply. 9. Savings automatically converts to investment; so that investment induced growth is dependent on saving. 10. The division of labor into specialized activities that allow individuals to be more productive. The idea that labor productivity is a function of the degree of labor specialization. 11. Upward sloping trend cutting through the cycle traces the economy’s output performance over the course of a business cycle, measured either from recession to recession or from prosperity to prosperity. The upward sloping character of the trend line signifies economic growth. 12. Every economy, whatever its level of national income, includes people earning different incomes. Knowing someone’s absolute income tells us little about that person’s income status. 13. Consumption spending is rooted in Status. High income people not only consume more goods and services than others, but also set consumption standards for everyone else. 14. Aggregate supply is the total supply of goods and services that all firms in the national economy are willing to offer at varying price levels. Aggregate demand is the total quantity demanded of these goods and services by households, firms, foreigners, and government at those varying price levels. Macroequilibrium is reach when aggregate supply equals aggregate demand. 15. Consumption spending has tended to be more stable than investment spending in the past. MPC can be counted on to remain pretty much unchanged. Autonomous consumption is hardly likely to change. Investment spending is considered volatile. Economists identify changes in aggregate expenditure as the key to understanding why national income changes. Changes in investment have highly magnified effects on national income. The income by which income changes as a result of a change in aggregate expenditure is called income multiplier. 16. The economy’s output or gross domestic product is the total value, measured in current market prices, of all final goods and services produced in the economy during a given year. 17. One solution is to combine wage and price controls with a Keynesian style job creating policy. Stabilization policy is one option. 18. Four principle factors contributing to a nations economic growth, the size of the labor force, the degree of labor specialization, or the division of labor, the size of its capital stock and the level of its technology. Savings automatically converts to investment; so that investment induced growth is dependent on savings. 19. Demand deposits are only half of a banks business. Loans are the other. The bank makes a profit only on the loans it provides, not on it deposits. Borrowers benefit from inflation where lenders, where as lenders lose money. 20. Through the circular flow model, how the economy’s resources, money, goods and services flow between households and firms through resource and product market. 21. Economies with negative balances on current account will find their exchange rate falling. And unless these rates are propped up by government intervention, they will fall to stem the currency outflows exist; the exchange rate will keep falling. Eventually the rate will reach the level appropriate to a zero balance on current account. It takes only time. He would think we were habitual borrows. 22. They are the â€Å"what is† and â€Å"what it should be† 23. Nothing because the infrastructure is what an economy’s ability for development depends upon. Such as with education to educate people involves not only the task of acquiring compliance but the funds needed to build the school and staff them.